here's another freebie tip. <tip type="charsets"> need to know what the html and/or numeric character entity is for a given character in one of microsoft's browsers? take a look here: iso latin-1 http://msdn.microsoft.com/workshop/author/dhtml/reference/charsets/charset1. asp additional named entities http://msdn.microsoft.com/workshop/author/dhtml/reference/charsets/charset2. asp need to know what character sets a particular version of internet explorer supports? how about the correct label for a particular character set? character set recognition http://msdn.microsoft.com/workshop/author/dhtml/reference/charsets/charset4. asp </tip> enjoy, .jeff http://evolt.org/ jeff at members.evolt.org http://members.evolt.org/jeff/