removing the xml declaration <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> seems to have done it. . .thanks to gary for that one. -- Jonathon Isaac Swiderski jswiders at cs.oberlin.edu cs.oberlin.edu/~jswiders \\ members.evolt.org/jswiders "Those are my principles. If you don't like them, I have others." -Groucho Marx